Methotrexate is a commonly used medicine for certain autoimmune conditions and ectopic pregnancies. Methotrexate side effects can be mild to serious and it totally depends on the dose and individual health. It is commonly used and it’s natural to have questions about how it may affect your body. So, it’s helpful to know what to expect and when to take help before starting this treatment.
At RISAA IVF, Dr. Rita Bakshi, Senior IVF Specialist and Gynaecologist, has guided many patients through treatments that sometimes include medications like methotrexate. She makes sure that every patient receives treatment with proper understanding and support. Today, in this blog, we will explain everything about methotrexate side effects, its symptoms, how to manage them, and more.
What is Methotrexate Used For?
Methotrexate is a strong medicine that is used to treat different health issues. It stops the growth of certain cells in the body that grow too fast.
Doctors use methotrexate to treat conditions like:
- Rheumatoid arthritis – This is when your immune system attacks your joints.
- Psoriasis – This is a skin problem that causes red and scaly patches.
- Ectopic pregnancy – This is when a pregnancy grows outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube.
In ectopic pregnancy, methotrexate helps to stop the pregnancy from growing so the body can absorb it without surgery. It is also used in some cancer treatments.
Note: This medicine should only be taken with a doctor’s advice because it can have strong Methotrexate side effects.
How Does Methotrexate Work?
Methotrexate helps to slow down the growth of certain cells in the body. It stops the body from making a substance called folic acid, which is needed for cells to grow and multiply. This helps in conditions where cells are growing too fast or acting in the wrong way.
For example:
- In autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis or psoriasis, methotrexate calms down the overactive immune system, so it doesn’t affect the healthy parts of the body.
- In ectopic pregnancies, it stops the pregnancy cells from growing. It helps the body to absorb them safely without the need of surgery.
- In some cancers, it helps to stop the cancer cells from spreading.
Common Methotrexate Side Effects
There are some common methotrexate side effects that can be seen in some people after starting the medicine. These side effects usually happen because methotrexate also affects some healthy cells in the process. Most of these side effects are mild and go away on their own or with a lower dose.
Here are some common side effects:
- Feeling tired or weak
- Nausea or vomiting
- Upset stomach
- Loss of appetite
- Mouth sores
- Diarrhea
- Headache or dizziness
- Hair thinning
- Skin rash or dryness
Methotrexate and Fertility
Methotrexate can affect male and female fertility, especially when it’s used for a long time or in higher doses. This medicine may lower the chances of getting pregnant while you’re taking it and it can also cause changes in menstrual cycles for women. In men, it may reduce sperm count or affect sperm quality for a short time.
So, it’s important to talk to your doctor before using methotrexate if you are trying to conceive. Women are usually advised to avoid getting pregnant during treatment and for some time after stopping the medicine. The same goes for men who are planning to father a child. Your doctor can help you to understand the safe time to try for a baby after stopping methotrexate.
Who Should Avoid Methotrexate?
It’s important for some people to be extra careful with methotrexate because it may not be safe for everyone. Methotrexate side effects can be more serious in certain cases, especially if you have other health problems or are planning to have a baby. That’s why it’s important to know who should avoid this medicine before starting it.
Here are some people who should avoid methotrexate:
- Women who are pregnant or planning a pregnancy
- Mothers who are breastfeeding
- People with liver disease or kidney problems
- Those with weak immune systems
- People with low blood cell counts
- Those who drink alcohol heavily
- Anyone allergic to methotrexate or similar medicines
Tips to Reduce Methotrexate Side Effects
It’s important to take care of your health and follow a few simple steps to reduce methotrexate side effects. These tips can make your treatment smoother and reduce discomfort during the process.
Here are some easy ways to reduce side effects:
- Take folic acid if your doctor suggests it
- Drink plenty of water every day
- Avoid alcohol completely
- Take methotrexate after meals to prevent stomach upset
- Get enough rest and avoid too much physical activity
- Let your doctor know about all other medicines you are taking
- Go for regular blood tests to check your liver and blood health
- Inform your doctor quickly if you feel unusual symptoms like fever or skin rash
Final Words
Methotrexate side effects can be different for every person and it’s important to know how your body responds during treatment. Today, in this blog, we explained the side effects, who should avoid this, tips, and more. So, it’s always better to speak with a medical expert before starting or stopping any medication.
At RISAA IVF, Dr. Rita Bakshi, Senior IVF Specialist and Gynaecologist, offers expert guidance to ensure your safety especially if you’re planning a pregnancy or undergoing fertility treatment. If you have concerns about methotrexate and its impact on your health or fertility, feel free to reach out. Call us at 95555 44421/22/23 or email doctor@risaaivf.com for trusted advice and support.
Frequently asked questions (FAQs)
Can methotrexate cause serious side effects?
Yes, in some cases, it may affect the liver, lungs, or blood cells. Serious side effects are rare but should be treated immediately with medical help.
Can methotrexate affect male fertility?
Yes, methotrexate may temporarily lower sperm count. It’s advised to consult a doctor before planning a pregnancy.
How long do methotrexate side effects last?
Mild side effects may go away in a few days. Serious side effects may last longer and require proper treatment or stopping the medicine.
Is hair loss from methotrexate permanent?
No, hair thinning or hair loss caused by methotrexate is usually temporary and improves after stopping the medication or reducing the dose.
What should I do if I miss a dose of methotrexate?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the next dose, skip the missed one. Don’t double the dose. Always inform your doctor.